Health xanthelasma Diseases

Xanthelasma
Deposits of lipids predominantly cholestrol in the dermis or subcuteanous tissue around the eyelids are called xanthelasma ,
Look at the face of the patient , Note the following features :
- Raised ,yellow plaques above the eyelids near the inner canthus .
- Look for xanthomas elsewhere in the body e,g. palms , knuckles ,tendoachilles,etc. - Look for jaundice (obstrutive jaundice ).
- Does the patient look myxoedematous ?
-Does the patient have swelling of the eyelids and legs (nephrotic syndrome ) ? Causes : Various conditions associated with high serum cholestrol level e.g. (1) Familial hypercholestrolemia .(2) prolonged obstructive jaundice (3) myxoedema ,(4) nephrotic syndrome (5) Diabetes mellitus .(Q) What are the 3 main types of xanthomas ?
(1) Eruptive xanthomas : seen as firm raised papules with pale yellow centres over the buttocks ,elbows ,knees and dorsum of the arms (2) planar or palmar xanthomas : seen in the palmar and digital creases
(3) Tendon xanthomas : occur in the extensor tendons at the back of the hands and the achilles or the patellar tendons